SODIUM POLYACRYLATE
Sodium polyacrylate (ACR, ASAP, or PAAS), commonly known as water lock, is a sodium salt of polyacrylic acid with the chemical formula [−CH2−CH(CO2Na)−]n.
Sodium polyacrylate (ACR, ASAP, or PAAS), commonly known as water lock, is a sodium salt of polyacrylic acid with the chemical formula [−CH2−CH(CO2Na)−]n. This super-absorbent polymer (SAP) has the remarkable ability to absorb between 100 to 1000 times its mass in water, making it extremely useful in a variety of consumer products, including diapers, hygiene products, and water-retaining gels. As an anionic polyelectrolyte, sodium polyacrylate features negatively charged carboxylic groups along its main chain and is composed of acrylate compound chains. The presence of sodium ions in the structure significantly enhances its water absorption capacity. When dissolved in water, sodium polyacrylate forms a thick and transparent solution due to the ionic interactions among the polymer molecules. Beyond its impressive water absorption properties, sodium polyacrylate is known for its excellent mechanical properties. It offers good mechanical stability, making it durable under stress. Its high heat resistance ensures it remains stable under various temperature conditions, and its strong hydration capabilities contribute to its effectiveness in moisture retention applications.
Properties
Physical Form: Typically available as a white, granular powder or small beads.
Absorption Capacity: Capable of absorbing up to 300-800 times its weight in water, transforming into a gel-like substance.
Stability: Exhibits excellent thermal stability and maintains absorbent properties over a wide temperature range.
APPLICATION
Consumer Products
- Diapers and Hygiene Products: Used in baby diapers, adult incontinence products, and feminine hygiene items due to its superior water absorption and retention properties.
- Water Retaining Gels: Utilized in gardening and agriculture to maintain soil moisture, reducing the need for frequent watering.
- Artificial Snow: Used in entertainment and display purposes, it mimics real snow by absorbing large amounts of water and forming fluffy, snow-like material.
Industrial Applications
- Water Treatment: Aids in removing contaminants and improving water clarity in various water treatment processes.
- Agriculture: Enhances soil water retention, promoting better crop yields and reducing water usage.
- Underwater Cable Making: Used in the manufacture of underwater cables to prevent water ingress and protect the cables from moisture damage.
- Latex Gloves: Applied in the production of latex gloves to enhance comfort by absorbing sweat and maintaining dryness within the gloves.
Food Industry
- Food Additive: Maintains moisture, improves texture, and enhances the overall quality of food products such as bread, juice, and ice cream.
Medical and Pharmaceutical Applications
- Wound Dressings: Absorbs exudates and maintains a moist environment for better healing.
- Drug Delivery Systems: Explored in controlled-release drug delivery systems due to its swelling capacity and ability to control the release of active ingredients.
Other Uses
- Packaging: Used in the packaging industry to maintain moisture levels and protect products from humidity.
- Pet Litter: A key component in some pet litters due to its ability to absorb moisture and control odors.
- Construction: Utilized in construction materials to improve water retention and reduce drying times in concrete and plaster.
- Firefighting Gel: Employed in firefighting efforts to create a barrier that helps prevent the spread of flames and protect structures.
